Jæger-samler samfund er kendetegnet ved decentraliseret beslutningstagning og delt adgang til ressourcer. Varer udveksles gensidigt, hvilket fører til en relativt lige fordeling, selvom de bedste jægere bidrager med mere arbejde. Deling og gavegivning optimerer jagtindsats og hjælper med at vurdere jægernes produktivitet.
Titel på undersøgelse:
Sharing, gift-giving, and optimal resource use in hunter-gatherer society.
| |
Hele abstrakt på originalsprog:
Hunter-gatherer societies are characterized by decentralized decision making and shared access to resources. Goods are distributed via reciprocal exchange, sharing, and gift-giving, in the end resulting in relatively equal distribution. Work effort, however, is not distributed equally; the best hunters exert a disproportionate share of productive effort. We argue that these features of the hunter-gatherer economy are interrelated, and are consistent with the view that customary gift-giving and sharing arrangements manage usage of open-access resources. In particular, sharing rules can induce optimal hunting effort, while gift-giving can serve to elicit information about hunter productivity.